Separation Processes
Blanking/Shearing
Separates sheet metal along a specific contour through the shearing action of a punch and die. It encompasses sub-processes such as blanking, punching, and trimming. Suitable for producing various flat parts, it requires high precision in controlling the die clearance.
Fine Blanking
Performs blanking under high blank-holding force to produce a fully burnished, smooth cut edge. It achieves dimensional accuracy within the IT6–IT7 range and is commonly used for precision gears and instrument components.
Forming Processes
Bending
Applies a bending moment to sheet metal to create permanent angular deformation. Material springback must be calculated beforehand; this process is widely used to manufacture brackets and hinges.
Deep Drawing
Shapes a flat blank into a hollow, three-dimensional component. Wrinkling is prevented by controlling the blank-holding force. It is used to produce deep-cavity parts such as fuel tanks and cookware.
Local Forming
Includes sub-processes such as flanging, bulging, and ribbing. It achieves complex surface shapes through the localized flow of material and is frequently used for automotive body panels and home appliance casings.
